CBSE Class 9 Maths: Syllabus, Chapters & Sample Practice

Unit I — Number System (7 marks)

• Ch 1 Number System

  Rational and irrational numbers; representation on the number line; proof of irrationality of √2 and √3; decimal expansions and the square-root spiral.

Unit II — Algebra (20 marks)

• Ch 1 Introduction to Polynomials

  Algebraic expressions; degree of a polynomial; linear polynomials; modelling linear growth and the slope and y-intercept of y = ax + b.

• Ch 2 Sequences and Progressions

  Explicit and recursive rules; Arithmetic Progressions (nth term, sum of first n natural numbers); Geometric Progressions and their applications.

• Ch 3 Exploring Algebraic Identities

  Visualising identities with geometric models; factorisation using identities; simplifying rational expressions.

• Ch 4 Linear Equations in Two Variables

  Graphical representation; solving a pair of linear equations by substitution and elimination; nature of solutions (consistency).

Unit III — Coordinate Geometry (4 marks)

• Ch 1 Coordinate Geometry

  Plotting points in the Cartesian plane; locating positions using coordinates.

Unit IV — Geometry (25 marks)

• Ch 1 Introduction to Euclid's Geometry: Axioms and Postulates

  Euclid's definitions, axioms and postulates; the structure of geometric proof.

• Ch 2 Lines and Angles

  Pairs of angles; properties of angles formed by intersecting and parallel lines.

• Ch 3 Triangles — Congruence Theorems

  Criteria for congruence of triangles and their applications.

• Ch 4 4-gons (Quadrilaterals)

  Properties of quadrilaterals and parallelograms; related theorems and proofs.

• Ch 5 Circles

  Chords, subtended angles, inscribed polygons and area in terms of pi.

Unit V — Mensuration (14 marks)

• Ch 1 Area and Perimeter

  Area of rectangles, parallelograms and triangles; Heron's formula; area of a circle and a sector; Brahmagupta's formula for a cyclic quadrilateral.

• Ch 2 Surface Area and Volume

  Surface areas and volumes of cuboids, cylinders, cones, spheres and hemispheres.

Unit VI — Statistics & Probability (10 marks)

• Ch 1 Statistics

  Graphical representation of data; measures of central tendency; weighted average.

• Ch 2 Introduction to Probability

  Randomness and the probability scale; empirical and theoretical probability; tree diagrams and tables.

Point to the Method

Names the tool to reach for (e.g. "Use Heron's formula with the semi-perimeter") without giving the answer.

Guided Reasoning Prompt

Prompts the key step (e.g. "What is the semi-perimeter, and what are s − a, s − b and s − c?").

Complete Worked Solution

Shows the full step-by-step working and explains why the answer is correct.

Prioritise Understanding Over Rote

Explain a method out loud in your own words — if you can teach it, you understand it.

Focus Practice on High-Weight Units

Geometry (25) and Algebra (20) carry the most marks, so steady weekly practice there pays off most.

Keep a Proof and Formula Log

Note each theorem, identity and formula as you meet it — Class 9 geometry and mensuration reward neat, well-remembered proofs.

How many units are in the CBSE Class 9 Maths syllabus?

The 2026-27 CBSE Class 9 Mathematics syllabus has six assessment units: Number System, Algebra, Coordinate Geometry, Geometry, Mensuration, and Statistics & Probability. Always confirm the current syllabus with CBSE or your school.

How is CBSE Class 9 Maths assessed?

An 80-mark annual theory paper (3 hours) plus 20 marks of internal assessment — a pen-paper test and multiple assessment (10), portfolio (5) and lab practical (5) — totalling 100.

Which units carry the most marks in Class 9 Maths?

Geometry (25) and Algebra (20) carry the most, followed by Mensuration (14), Statistics & Probability (10), Number System (7) and Coordinate Geometry (4).

Is the Class 9 Maths syllabus different in 2026-27?

Yes. The syllabus has been redesigned in line with NEP 2020 and NCF-SE 2023, with reorganised units, updated chapter names (such as "Introduction to Polynomials" and "4-gons") and a stronger emphasis on reasoning and real-life application. Confirm the exact current syllabus with CBSE or your school.